{"id":40166,"date":"2017-03-03T12:10:02","date_gmt":"2017-03-03T18:10:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eshop.macsales.com\/blog\/?p=40166"},"modified":"2019-05-31T20:57:41","modified_gmt":"2019-06-01T01:57:41","slug":"tech-101-do-macs-need-antivirus-or-anti-malware-software","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eshop.macsales.com\/blog\/40166-tech-101-do-macs-need-antivirus-or-anti-malware-software\/","title":{"rendered":"Tech 101: Do Macs Need Antivirus Or Anti-Malware Software?"},"content":{"rendered":"

One reason that many people move from the world of Windows to macOS is because they’re tired of the hassles of having their PCs infected with viruses and other malware. The other reason? The miseries of the tools that allegedly fix those problems but cause even new PCs to run slowly and crash more often. When new Mac<\/a> owners first set up their new machines, one question they may have is whether or not they’re taking a risk by not installing that same genre of application on their Macs.<\/p>\n

The answer to the question “Do Macs need antivirus or anti-malware software?” is “No, but…” As a Mac user since late 1984, I have never<\/i> had a virus, and I’ve rarely seen malware that caused an issue for more than just a few minutes. That includes the early days of Mac when the operating system wasn’t Unix-based with all of its built-in security features.<\/p>\n

Related article: <\/strong>How to Use Mac\u2019s Disk Utility to Securely Wipe a Drive<\/a><\/p>\n

So, as a longtime Mac owner and user, a former Mac consultant, and a writer specializing in the world of Apple devices, I’ve usually used my Macs with absolutely no anti-virus or anti-malware software.<\/p>\n

Am I just lucky? Not really, because even without a specific antivirus or anti-malware package installed, I take a lot of precautions and Apple has built in a number of “safety nets”. They’re the functions that are constantly monitoring what’s going on behind the scenes on your Mac to keep you safe. First, I’ll talk about Apple’s safety nets, then other precautions that can help keep your Mac safe with minimal fuss.<\/p>\n

Apple’s Built-In Safety Nets<\/strong>
\nThe first safety net keeps you protected from most malware. XProtect<\/strong> runs constantly in the background on OS X and macOS machines. It’s installed by default, runs without user intervention, and is even updated automatically. Since it is part of the operating system, it’s also very fast and doesn’t cause the usual slowdowns associated with dedicated antivirus\/malware apps.<\/p>\n

As Apple is made aware of vulnerabilities and malware, both from “white hat hackers” and security firms, it invisibly patches XProtect to keep your Mac protected.<\/p>\n

XProtect matches files and applications that have been downloaded to your Mac against a list of known “bad guys”. If it catches a malicious file, you’ll be notified immediately, usually with a message stating that “the file may damage your computer”, the type of malware or virus it caught, and a warning to move the file to Trash immediately (see image below).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Gatekeeper<\/strong> is another handy tool that’s watching out for you. Have you ever downloaded an app from somewhere and seen a message that said something like ” ‘App name’ can’t be opened because it was not downloaded from the Mac App Store” or ” ‘App name’ can’t be opened because it is from an unknown developer”? That’s Gatekeeper at work.<\/p>\n

Gatekeeper is another part of macOS that builds upon the XProtect malware protection to insure that apps that have not gone through the rigorous vetting to get into the Mac App Store or that have not been digitally signed by a developer can do anything bad to your Mac.<\/p>\n

One thing about Gatekeeper is that it can be set up to provide various levels of “gatekeeping”. This is done by launching System Preferences > Security & Privacy > General, and then selecting one of the available choices. If you like living on the edge of danger, you can set it up to allow downloads from “Anywhere” — this is not<\/i> recommended, as there’s a higher probability of downloading an app with a malicious payload (see image below):<\/p>\n

\"\"Instead, leave the setting at “Mac App Store and identified developers”. This is the default setting and allows Mac App Store apps and those from developers that have used digital signing on their apps to be immediately downloaded and installed. If the setting is left at “Mac App Store”, any file downloaded from another site — like a trusted developers website — will not be allowed to install on the Mac.<\/p>\n

On occasion, you might get a warning from Gatekeeper about an app that was downloaded from another site. You may get the option to still install it, but if the dialog that appears doesn’t give you that option, you can right-click it and select “Open” from the contextual menu to launch it.<\/p>\n

Now let’s talk about other precautions that you should take if you want to forgo antivirus or anti-malware software on your Mac.<\/p>\n

Enable Your Mac Firewall<\/strong>
\nmacOS has a built-in firewall, basically a software “cop” that watches the various TCPand UDP ports associated with your Wi-Fi or Ethernet network. Your Mac needs to have some of these ports open in order to communicate with the rest of the world; for example, port 80 is needed for http (hypertext transfer protocol) — that’s what’s sends the bits and bytes to your web browser to let you see this page. Secure IMAP (for email) wants to have TCP port 993 open, and so on…<\/p>\n

The firewall pretty much shuts down all TCP and UDP ports that are unneeded so that a digital attack can’t sneak in through a targeted port. On occasion, you may install an app that requires access to a particular port; those apps generally provide instructions on how to enable the port.<\/p>\n

Most cable or ADSL modems and Wi-Fi routers also have firewalls built in and enabled by default; enabling the Mac firewall provides another layer of protection. To turn it on, just go to System Preferences > Security & Privacy > Firewall, and if the firewall is turned off, click the lock in the lower left corner of the window and enter your administrative name and password, then click the Turn Firewall On button (see image below):\"\"Other ports can be opened or individual applications allowed to work with specific ports by clicking on the Firewall Options button.<\/p>\n

Keep Your Apps and Operating System Updated<\/strong>
\nAlmost every app or operating system update made by Apple or third-party developers includes security updates. Sadly, many people still forgo updating their operating system or apps to the latest and greatest versions. If your apps provide a way to automatically download and install updates, enable that process. When those annoyingly slow Microsoft Office updates appear, run them. When you read on the Rocket Yard that a new version of macOS (or an update to an earlier version of macOS X) appears, run it.<\/p>\n

Don’t Install Apps From Shady Developers or ‘Freeware’ Sites<\/strong>
\nIt never ceases to amaze me that people who are willing to spend thousands of dollars on the latest Mac hardware can be so frugal when it comes to software. I’m talking about folks who don’t want to spend money on apps, so they go to freeware or torrent sites where they can get cracked versions of apps free.<\/p>\n

That free software — if you’re unsure of its provenance — can ruin your day. If a “free” version of an app seems too good to be true, it probably is. While some software pirates just want to keep valid development firms from making profits that can be rolled back into research and development, others like to load those apps with a little extra malware.<\/p>\n

Related article: <\/strong>An Annual Reminder: Watch Out For \u2018Phishing\u2019 Scams<\/a><\/p>\n

Pay for your software to support the developers who work hard to make the best possible products. For apps you’re not sure will do the trick for you, see if they have a trial version available before you buy. Not sure about a developer’s pedigree? Do Internet searches and find out if they’re a valid company. Read websites such as the Rocket Yard to find recommended free apps and utilities from reputable firms.<\/p>\n

Still Not Feeling Comfortable? Install Antivirus or Anti-Malware Software<\/strong>
\nYou may still not feel comfortable with not having antivirus or anti-malware apps<\/a> installed on your Mac. If that’s the case, then it’s perfectly acceptable to buy security apps from the big names in the business and install them.<\/p>\n

Bitdefender Antivirus for Mac<\/a> is well-liked and reputable, as is Sophos Home for Mac<\/a>. The latter app has an extra bonus — it’s free. The big names like Symantec\/Norton, Kaspersky, and Trend Micro all have products as well, so be sure to look around before deciding on a package — if you really feel that you need one.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

One reason that many people move from the world of Windows to macOS is because they’re tired of the hassles of having their PCs infected with viruses and other malware. The other reason? The miseries of the tools that allegedly fix those problems but cause even new PCs to run slowly and crash more often. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":81,"featured_media":40168,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"spay_email":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"class_list":["post-40166","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tech-tips"],"yoast_head":"\nDo Macs Need Antivirus Or Anti-Malware Software?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Do I need antivirus for Mac? 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